Studies on forest fires using dmsp ols data     

V. Krishna Prasad  Yogesh Kant  K. V. S. Badarinath 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1999,27(3):141-147

Studies related to forest fires are important in the context of trace gas emissions associated with such events. Much of the polar orbiting satellites due to their repetitive cycle have limitation in observing such events and in tropics due to cloud cover, the chance of getting cloud free image during day time becomes difficult. In order to explore the possibilities of using DMSP OLS night time data for monitoring such event, the present study has been under taken in Central Himalayan region of India where extensive fire event has been reported in May/June, 1995. The results of the study suggests the possibility of monitoring such events using DMSP OLS night time data.  相似文献   

Response of west Indian coastal regions and Kavaratti lagoon to the November-2009 tropical cyclone Phyan     

Antony Joseph  R. G. Prabhudesai  Prakash Mehra  V. Sanil Kumar  K. V. Radhakrishnan  Vijay Kumar  K. Ashok Kumar  Yogesh Agarwadekar  U. G. Bhat  Ryan Luis  Pradhan Rivankar  Blossom Viegas 《Natural Hazards》2011,57(2):293-312

Response of the coastal regions of eastern Arabian Sea (AS) and Kavaratti Island lagoon in the AS to the tropical cyclonic storm `Phyan??, which developed in winter in the south-eastern AS and swept northward along the eastern AS during 9?C12 November 2009 until its landfall at the northwest coast of India, is examined based on in situ and satellite-derived measurements. Wind was predominantly south/south-westerly and the maximum wind speed (U<sub>10</sub>) of ~16 m/s occurred at Kavaratti Island region followed by ~8 m/s at Dwarka (Gujarat) and ~7 m/s at Diu (located south of Dwarka) as well as two southwest Indian coastal locations (Mangalore and Malpe). All other west Indian coastal sites recorded maximum wind speed of ~5?C6 m/s. Gust factor (i.e., gust-to-speed ratio) during peak storm event was highly variable with respect to topography, with steep hilly stations (Karwar and Ratnagiri) and proximate thick and tall vegetation-rich site (Kochi) exhibiting large values (~6), whereas Island station (Kavaratti) exhibiting ~1 (indicating consistently steady wind). Rainfall in association with Phyan was temporally scattered, with the highest 24-h accumulated precipitation (~60 mm) at Karwar and ~45 mm at several other west Indian coastal sites. Impact of Phyan on the west Indian coastal regions was manifested in terms of intensified significant waves (~2.2 m at Karwar and Panaji), sea surface cooling (~5°C at Calicut), and moderate surge (~50 cm at Verem, Goa). The surface waves were south-westerly and the peak wave period (T <sub>p</sub>) shortened from ~10?C17 s to ~5?C10 s during Phyan, indicating their transition from the long-period `swell?? to the short-period `sea??. Reduction in the spread of the mean wave period (T _z) from ~5?C10 s to a steady period of ~6 s was another manifestation of the influence of the cyclone on the surface wave field. Several factors such as (1) water piling-up at the coast supported by south/south-westerly wind and seaward flow of the excess water in the rivers due to heavy rains, (2) reduction of piling-up at the coast, supported by the upstream penetration of seawater into the rivers, and (3) possible interaction of upstream flow with river run-off, together resulted in the observed moderate surge at the west Indian coast. Despite the intense wind forcing, Kavaratti Island lagoon experienced insignificantly weak surge (~7 cm) because of lack of river influx and absence of a sufficiently large land boundary required for the generation and sustenance of wave/wind-driven water mass piling-up at the land?Csea interface.  相似文献   

Satellite-based analysis of the role of land use/land cover and vegetation density on surface temperature regime of Delhi,India     

Yogesh Kant  B. D. Bharath  Javed Mallick  Clement Atzberger  Norman Kerle 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2009,37(2):201-214

The knowledge of the surface temperature is important to a range of issues and themes in earth sciences central to urban climatology, global environmental change and human-environment interactions. The study analyses land surface temperature (LST) estimation using temporal ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) datasets (day time and night time) over National Capital Territory Delhi using the surface emissivity information at pixel level. The spatial variations of LST over different land use/land cover (LU/LC) at day time and night time were analysed and relationship between the spatial distribution of LU/LC and vegetation density with LST was developed. Minimum noise fraction (MNF) was used for LU/LC classification which gave better accuracy than classification with original bands. The satellite derived emissivity values were found to be in good agreement with literature and field measured values. It was observed that fallow land, waste land/bare soil, commercial/industrial and high dense built-up area have high surface temperature values during day time, compared to those over water bodies, agricultural cropland, and dense vegetation. During night time high surface temperature values are found over high dense built-up, water bodies, commercial/industrial and low dense built-up than over fallow land, dense vegetation and agricultural cropland. It was found that there is a strong negative correlation between surface temperature and NDVI over dense vegetation, sparse vegetation and low dense built-up area while with fraction vegetation cover, it indicates a moderate negative correlation. The results suggest that the methodology is feasible to estimate NDVI, surface emissivity and surface temperature with reasonable accuracy over heterogeneous urban area. The analysis also indicates that the relationship between the spatial distribution of LU/LC and vegetation density is closely related to the development of urban heat islands (UHI).  相似文献   

Training Workshop on Quaternary Setup of Arid NW Himalaya: Main focus on Ladakh     

Yogesh Ray  Naresh Rana  Zaheed Majid  Pritam Chand 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2012,80(6):874-875

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Potato varietal discrimination using ground based multiband radiometer     

U. P. Shahi  Suman Kumar  N. P. Singh  A. K. Chaubey  Yogesh Kumar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2007,35(1):53-65

The potential usefulness of spectral properties and vegetation indices in varietal discrimination of potato genotypes was studied in the field experiment. Spectral measurements were recorded in different bands in blue (450–520 nm), green (520–590 nm), red (620–680 nm) and infrared (770–860 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum at different stages during crop growth period. A ground based hand held multiband radiometer (Model/041) was used for the purpose. The mean per cent green reflectance value among different genotypes was lowest in genotype MS/86-89, while it was observed highest in genotype JX-216. Significant difference among these genotypes was found at all growth stages except 6 week after planting. Consequent to variation in spectral reflectance the vegetation indices like, NDVI, RVI, TVI and DVI showed significant difference among genotypes at all growth stages except at 8^th week after planting. The vegetation indices are good indicators of crop growth and condition. Similarly, fresh weight, dry weight, and leaf area index were also highest in MS/86-89, followed by KUFRI Bahar and KUFRI Sutlej while in case of leaf area index it was followed by Kufri Sutlej and Kufri Bahar. JX-23 was highest in chlorophyll content and tuber yield followed by MS/86-89 and JW-160, while lowest chlorophyll content was seen in MS/89-1095 and poorest tuber yield in MS/89-60. Most of the genotypes exhibited considerable variation in their spectral response and vegetation indices thereby indicating the possibility of their discrimination through remote sensing technique.  相似文献   

Urbanisation in Himachal Pradesh during the present century     

Kant S 《Population geography : a journal of the Association of Population Geographers of India》1995,17(1-2):49-64

"The paper examines urbanisation in Himachal Pradesh [India] in terms of size, growth, evolution, site and functional characteristics of urban centres for [the] 1901-91 period. In addition, the role played by the changing political and administrative geography has also been considered."  相似文献   

Separation of diffracted waves in transversely isotropic media     

Yogesh Arora  Ilya Tsvankin 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2016,60(3):487-499

Imaging diffracted waves can provide useful information about complex subsurface geology and fracture networks. Separation of diffractions from typically more intensive reflected events can be done based on specularity, which measures deviation from Snell’s law. Here, we analyze two formulations of specularity and their applicability to diffraction processing in the presence of anisotropy. We show that the most common definition of specularity, originally introduced for pure modes in isotropic media, remains valid for both pure and converted waves in arbitrarily anisotropic models. The other formulation operates directly with the difference between the slowness projections onto the reflector for the incident and reflected waves. Testing on a VTI (transversely isotropic with a vertical symmetry axis) diffraction ramp model demonstrates that both formulations produce satisfactory results for anisotropic media with appropriate tapering of the specularity gathers. Then separation and imaging of diffractions is performed for the structurally complex VTI Marmousi model. We also analyze the sensitivity of diffractions in the specularity gathers to errors in the symmetry-direction velocity and anellipticity parameter η.  相似文献   

Chronology of relict lake deposits in the Spiti River, NW Trans Himalaya: Implications to Late Pleistocene–Holocene climate-tectonic perturbations     

Binita Phartiyal  Anupam Sharma  Pradeep Srivastava  Yogesh Ray 《Geomorphology》2009,108(3-4):264-272

The Spiti River that drains through the arid Trans-Himalayan region is studied here. The relict deposits exposed along the river provide an opportunity to understand the interaction between the phases of intense monsoon and surface processes occurring in the cold and semi arid to-arid Trans-Himalayan region. Based on geomorphological observation the valley is broadly divided into the upper and lower Spiti Valley. The braided channel and the relict fluvio-lacustrine deposits rising from the present riverbed characterize the upper valley. The deposits in the lower valley occur on the uplifted bedrock strath and where the channel characteristics are mainly of meandering nature. Conspicuous is the occurrence of significantly thick lacustrine units within the relict sedimentary sequences of Spiti throughout the valley. The broad sedimentary architecture suggests the formation of these palaeolakes due landslide-driven river damming. The Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating of quartz derived from the bounding units of the lacustrine deposits suggests that the upper valley preserves the phase of deposition around 14–6 ka and in the lower valley around 50–30 ka. The review of published palaeoclimatic palaeolake chronology of Spiti Valley indicates that the lakes were probably formed during the wetter conditions related to Marine Isotope Stage III and II. The increased precipitation during these phases induced excessive landsliding and formation of dammed lakes along the Spiti River. The older lacustrine phase being preserved on the uplifted bedrock strath in the lower valley indicates late Pleistocene tectonic activity along the Kaurick Chango normal fault.  相似文献   

Vegetation discrimination using irs-p3 wifs temporal dataset - a case study from rampa forests, eastern ghats, a.p.     

V. Krishna Prasad  Yogesh Kant  K. V. S. Badarinath 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1999,27(3):149-154

Multitemporal data sets from coarse resolution sensors of Indian Remote Sensing Satellites provides an opportunity to classify various forest types using their phenological attributes reflected in temporal NDVI profiles. The present study attempts to classify various vegetation classes using time integrated NDVI (T-NDVI) values derived from IRS-P3 WiFS data. The algorithm explores the differential characteristics in T-NDVI values of different features and the results suggest the possible use of the methodology for forest type classification.  相似文献   

Field evidences showing rapid frontal degeneration of the Kangriz glacier,western Himalayas,Jammu &amp; Kashmir     

Siddhi Garg  Aparna Shukla  Manish Mehta  Vinit Kumar  Shruti Anna Samuel  S. K. Bartarya  Uma Kant Shukla 《山地科学学报》2018,15(6):1199-1208

Life cycle of glaciers in the Himalayan region has notably changed due to the climatic variability since last few decades. Glaciers across the world and specially the Himalayan glaciers have shown large scale degeneration in the last few decades. Himalayan glaciers serve as an important fresh water resource for the downstream communities, who are dependent on this water for domestic and other purposes. Therefore, glacier shrinkage and the associated hydrological changes pose a significant problem for regional-scale water budgets and resource management. These issues necessitate the regular and rigorous monitoring of the wastage pattern of the Himalayan glaciers in field and using satellite remote sensing data. In this work, we report rapid and enhanced degeneration of the frontal part of the Kangriz glacier, Jammu and Kashmir (J & K), in terms of surface melting, debris cover, snout characteristics and meltwater discharge. Ablation data acquired during 2016–2017 shows the average lowering of the frontal part of the glacier to be ~148 ± 34 cm, one-third of which was found to have occurred within a 13 day time period in September, 2017. Also, the quantum of ice melt was found to be inversely influenced (r = -0.84) by the debris thickness. 15 day meltwater discharge measurement revealed its strong relationship with snout disintegration pattern, evidenced twice during the said time period. Volume of water discharged from the glacier was estimated to be 7.91×10⁶ m³ for the measurement duration. Also, mean daily discharge estimated for the 15 days interval showed good positive correction (r = 0.78) with temperature indicating the direct dependency of the former on land surface temperature conditions of the region. Besides the lowering and discharge observations, the frequent ice-block break-offs at the glacier snout further enhance its overall drastic degeneration. The study suggests that, being the largest glacier in the Suru basin, the Kangriz glacier needs to be continuously monitored in order to understand its glacio-hydrological conditions.  相似文献